Certified Registered Nurse Infusion (CRNI) Practice Exam

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What are common complications associated with central catheterizations?

Only infection
Severe pain only
Pneumo, hydro, hemothorax
Excessive bleeding only

The correct answer is: Pneumo, hydro, hemothorax

Common complications associated with central catheterizations include a range of mechanical and procedural issues, which encompass pneumothorax, hydrothorax, and hemothorax. These complications can occur during the placement of the catheter, particularly if the procedure involves the insertion of a central line into the subclavian or jugular veins, where there is a risk of puncturing the pleura. Pneumothorax occurs when air enters the pleural cavity, causing lung collapse, while hydrothorax involves fluid accumulation in the pleural space. Hemothorax refers to the presence of blood in the pleural cavity. Each of these complications can lead to serious respiratory issues and requires immediate medical intervention. They highlight the importance of proper technique and ultrasound guidance in reducing the risk of complications during catheterization. Other potential complications, such as infection, severe pain, and excessive bleeding, can occur but are not as directly tied to the mechanical risks associated with the procedure as the complications listed. Therefore, recognizing and understanding the specific potential complications that arise from the anatomical considerations of central catheter insertions is crucial in clinical practice.