Certified Registered Nurse Infusion (CRNI) Practice Exam

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What is a common side effect of bleomycin that healthcare providers should watch for?

Pneumonitis
Cardiotoxicity
Neurotoxicity
Gastrointestinal bleeding

The correct answer is: Pneumonitis

Bleomycin is an antineoplastic agent that is notably associated with the risk of pneumonitis, which is an inflammatory response in the lung tissue. This side effect can manifest as a dry cough, dyspnea, or fever and may occur even after treatment has ended, making awareness and monitoring essential for healthcare providers. Pneumonitis can lead to pulmonary toxicity, and in severe cases, it may result in long-term respiratory complications. As such, early identification and intervention are crucial for managing this potential side effect. While other side effects are associated with various chemotherapeutic agents, they are not the primary concerns linked specifically with bleomycin. For instance, cardiotoxicity is more commonly associated with agents like doxorubicin, neurotoxicity may be observed with drugs like vincristine, and gastrointestinal bleeding is not a typical side effect of bleomycin. Knowing specific side effects tied to particular medications allows healthcare providers to better monitor and care for patients during and after treatment.