Certified Registered Nurse Infusion (CRNI) Practice Exam

What term describes the inadvertent administration of a non-vesicant solution into surrounding tissue?

1. Infiltration

2. Extravasation

3. Phlebitis

4. Infusion reaction

The correct answer is: Infiltration

The term that accurately describes the inadvertent administration of a non-vesicant solution into surrounding tissue is infiltration. Infiltration occurs when fluid leaks from the vein into the surrounding subcutaneous tissue, usually due to the catheter becoming dislodged or improperly placed. This can lead to swelling, discomfort, and potential complications in the affected area. In contrast, extravasation refers specifically to the leakage of a vesicant solution, which can cause severe tissue damage. Phlebitis is an inflammatory reaction of the vein, often characterized by redness, swelling, and pain, but it does not necessarily involve the administration of fluid into surrounding tissue. An infusion reaction relates to an adverse response to the infusion itself, not to the leakage of fluid into tissue. Understanding these terms is crucial for healthcare professionals, particularly in the context of managing IV therapy and ensuring patient safety.