Certified Registered Nurse Infusion (CRNI) Practice Exam

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What type of crystalline formation may occur with certain chemotherapy agents?

Hexagonal crystals
Renal tubular crystallization
Amorphous crystals
Needle-shaped crystals

The correct answer is: Renal tubular crystallization

Renal tubular crystallization is a specific type of crystalline formation that can occur as a result of certain chemotherapy agents, particularly those that precipitate within the renal tubules. This condition is significant because the formation of crystals in the renal tubules can lead to nephrotoxicity, resulting in impaired kidney function or acute kidney injury. Several chemotherapy agents, such as methotrexate, can lead to renal tubular crystallization when their concentrations exceed a certain threshold or when there is inadequate hydration. The presence of crystals in renal tubules can obstruct urine flow and contribute to elevated serum creatinine levels, which is an important consideration for healthcare providers when managing patients receiving these agents. Understanding the mechanism by which these crystals form is critical for preventing potential complications. Maintaining adequate hydration and monitoring renal function during chemotherapy can mitigate the risk of renal tubular crystallization. This knowledge enables nurses and other healthcare professionals to ensure safe and effective administration of chemotherapy agents while safeguarding the patient's renal health.