Certified Registered Nurse Infusion (CRNI) Practice Exam

Which common side effect is associated with excess administration of dextrose solutions?

1. Electrolyte imbalance

2. Hyperglycemia

3. Fluid overload

4. Nutritional deficiency

The correct answer is: Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia occurs as a common side effect when there is an excess administration of dextrose solutions. Dextrose is a form of glucose, and when administered in large amounts, it can lead to elevated blood sugar levels. This is particularly significant in patients who may have underlying conditions such as diabetes or impaired glucose metabolism, where their bodies cannot adequately process the increased glucose load. When dextrose is infused, it enters the bloodstream rapidly, resulting in an increase in blood glucose levels that can exceed the normal range. This spike can provoke a physiological response, leading to symptoms such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential when administering dextrose solutions to prevent hyperglycemia and to ensure patient safety. In comparison, while electrolyte imbalance, fluid overload, and nutritional deficiency can occur with various fluid and nutrient infusions, they are not exclusively tied to the excess administration of dextrose solutions in the same direct and significant way that hyperglycemia is.