Certified Registered Nurse Infusion (CRNI) Practice Exam

Which symptom is NOT associated with isotonic dehydration?

1. Severe diarrhea

2. Anorexia

3. Dry skin

4. Change in mental status

The correct answer is: Anorexia

Anorexia is not typically associated with isotonic dehydration. Isotonic dehydration occurs when both water and electrolytes are lost from the body, leading to a decrease in fluid volume without altering the osmolarity of the blood. Common causes include severe diarrhea and other conditions that result in significant fluid loss. Severe diarrhea is a well-known cause of isotonic dehydration, as it leads to the rapid loss of both water and electrolytes. Dry skin is another symptom that can present during isotonic dehydration as the body loses its ability to retain moisture when it is dehydrated. Additionally, a change in mental status may occur due to reduced blood volume and resultant decreased cerebral perfusion, impacting cognitive function. Anorexia, while it can occur in numerous clinical situations, is less directly linked to the physiological changes caused by isotonic dehydration in comparison to the other symptoms listed. It may arise due to a variety of underlying factors such as illness, psychological issues, or medication side effects, but it is not a primary symptom of isotonic dehydration itself. Thus, it is the correct answer as the symptom least associated with isotonic dehydration.